Full-wave analysis of dielectric-loaded cylindrical waveguides and cavities using a new four-port ring network

“© 2012 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.”In this paper, a full-wave method for the electromagnetic analysis of dielectric-loaded cylindrical and coaxial waveguides and cavities is developed. For this purpose, a new four-port ring network is proposed, and the mode-matching method is applied to calculate the generalized admittance matrix of this new structure. A number of analyses on dielectric-loaded waveguide structures and cavities have been conducted in order to validate and to assess the accuracy of the new approach. The results have been compared with theoretical values, numerical modeling from the literature, and data from commercial electromagnetic simulators. The method has been also applied to the accurate determination of dielectric properties, and we provide an example of these measurements as another way to validate this new method. © 1963-2012 IEEE.This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under Project MONIDIEL (TEC2008-04109). The work of F. L. Penarada-Foix was supported by the Conselleria de Educacion of the Generalitat Valenciana for economic support (BEST/2010/210).Penaranda-Foix, FL.; Janezic, MD.; Catalá Civera, JM.; Canós Marín, AJ. (2012). Full-wave analysis of dielectric-loaded cylindrical waveguides and cavities using a new four-port ring network. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 60(9):2730-2740. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2012.2206048S2730274060

Full-Wave Modal Analysis of a Novel Dielectrometer for Accurate Measurement of Complex Permittivity of High-Loss Liquids at Microwave Frequencies

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] A novel dielectrometer to measure the complex permittivity of high-loss liquids is presented. The geometry consists of a reentrant cavity with insertion holes, where the holder filled with liquid can be introduced readily. Radii of the insertion holes are large enough for a convenient pouring of the liquid. The electromagnetic analysis has been performed by a mixed mode-matching and circuit technique with the purpose of taking the high accuracy and fast convergence of the mode-matching and the flexibility and versatility of the circuit method. The convergence of the method is studied, and a procedure to estimate the result for an infinite number of modes is proposed. A calibration procedure is presented to minimize the error introduced by the numerical method. Mode charts are shown to analyze the behavior of resonant parameters for every mode. Some reference liquids are measured at different resonant frequencies, and the results are compared with those provided by other models of the literature.This work was supported in part by the "Programa de Ayudas de Investigacion y Desarrollo de la Universitat Politecnica de Valencia," in part by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad-Spanish Government under Project TEC2012-37532-C02-01, and in part by the European Regional Development Funds of European Union.Marqués-Villarroya, D.; Canós Marín, AJ.; Penaranda-Foix, FL.; García-Baños, B.; Catalá Civera, JM. (2018). Full-Wave Modal Analysis of a Novel Dielectrometer for Accurate Measurement of Complex Permittivity of High-Loss Liquids at Microwave Frequencies. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 66(12):5760-5770. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2881136S57605770661

Chemoselective Reductive Heterocyclization by Controlling the Binomial Architecture of Metal Particles and Acid-Base Properties of the Support

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in ACS Catalysis, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see [insert ACS Articles on Request author-directed link to Published Work, see http://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01841[EN] 2,¿1-¿Benzisoxazoles were produced by reductive heterocyclization of 2-¿nitroacylarenes using supported Pt nanoparticles. The reaction involves a cascade process in which the first step is the redn. of the nitro group into hydroxylamine which subsequently cycles to 2,¿1-¿benzisoxazole through the nucleophilic attack to the carbonyl group in 2-¿position. The reaction was performed on Pt¿/C, Pt¿/TiO2 and Pt¿/MgO using hydrogen as reducing agent under mild reaction conditions. Pt¿/MgO was the most active and selective catalyst. The study of the influence of the crystal size of the metal on the activity and selectivity, combined with the reaction mechanism by in situ FTIR spectroscopy of the adsorbed reactant, showed that max. activity and selectivity to the target compd. can be achieved by controlling the architecture of metal particles and acid-¿base properties of the support. The effect of the temp. on the selectivity, the stability of Pt¿/MgO catalyst, and the scope of the reaction were studied. Finally, the reductive cyclization using different metals (Pd and Au) supported on MgO was also performed.Spanish MICINN Project (CTQ-2015-67592-13), Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo Program), and Severo Ochoa Program are gratefully acknowledged.Martí Montaner, L.; Sánchez, L.; Climent Olmedo, MJ.; Corma Canós, A.; Iborra Chornet, S.; Romanelli, G.; Concepción Heydorn, P. (2017). Chemoselective Reductive Heterocyclization by Controlling the Binomial Architecture of Metal Particles and Acid-Base Properties of the Support. ACS Catalysis. 7(12):8255-8262. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01841S8255826271

A New Stand-Alone Microwave Instrument for Measuring the Complex Permittivity of Materials at Microwave Frequencies

"© 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works."[EN] This paper reports the development of a stand-alone and portable instrument designed to measure the complex permittivity of dielectric materials at microwave frequencies. The equipment consists of an in-house single-port vectorial reflectometer and a resonant coaxial bi-reentrant microwave cavity where the material under test is placed inside a Pyrex vial, making the device appropriate for measuring liquids, semi-solids, powders and granular materials. The relation between the dielectric properties of the involved materials and the cavity resonance has been solved by numerical methods based on mode-matching and circuit analysis. In order to increase the measurement range, so that low to high loss materials can be characterized in the same cavity, the effect of the coupling network is de-embedded from the resonance measurements. The performance of the newly devised instrument is evaluated by error/uncertainty analysis and comparative studies with other well-established instruments and methods. Errors lower than 2% in the dielectric constant, and 5% in the loss factor, are found. This simple, portable, affordable and robust device could help non-specialized personnel to accurately measure dielectric properties of materials used in a wide range of microwave applications.This paper has been financially supported through the grant reference BES-2016-077296 of the call Convocatoria de las ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formacion de doctores de 2016 by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and by European Social Funds (ESF) of European Union and the project SEDMICRON TEC2015-70272-R (MINECO/FEDER) supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and by European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) of European Union. The Associate Editor coordinating the review process was Samir Trabelsi.Gutiérrez Cano, JD.; Plaza González, PJ.; Canós Marín, AJ.; García-Baños, B.; Catalá Civera, JM.; Penaranda-Foix, FL. (2020). A New Stand-Alone Microwave Instrument for Measuring the Complex Permittivity of Materials at Microwave Frequencies. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 69(6):3595-3605. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2019.2941038S3595360569

Dynamic Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Materials at High Temperature During Microwave Heating in a Dual Mode Cylindrical Cavity

A microwave cavity and heating system for microwave processing and in situ dynamic measurements of the complex permittivity of dielectric materials at high temperatures (~1000ºC) has been developed. The method is based on a dual-mode cylindrical cavity where heating and testing are performed by two different swept frequency microwave sources. A cross-coupling filter isolates the signals coming from both sources. By adjusting the frequency bandwidth of the heating source and the level of coupling to the cavity, an automatic procedure allows for the establishment of a desirable level of heating rate to the dielectric sample to reach high temperatures in short cycles. Dielectric properties of materials as a function of temperature are calculated by an improved cavity perturbation method during heating. Accuracy of complex permittivity results has been evaluated and an error lower than 5% with respect to a rigorous analysis of the cavity has been achieved. The functionality of the microwave dielectric measurement system has been demonstrated by heating and measuring glass and ceramic samples up to 1000ºC. The correlation of the complex permittivity with the heating rate, temperature, absorbed power, and other processing parameters can help to better understand the interactions that take place during microwave heating of materials at high temperatures compared to conventional heating.Manuscript received February 17, 2015; revised May 08, 2015 and June 22, 2015; accepted June 27, 2015. Date of publication July 20, 2015; date of current version September 01, 2015. This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) under Project TEC2012-37532-C02-01 and by the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF).Catalá Civera, JM.; Canós Marín, AJ.; Plaza González, PJ.; Gutiérrez Cano, JD.; García Baños, B.; Penaranda-Foix, FL. (2015). Dynamic Measurement of Dielectric Properties of Materials at High Temperature During Microwave Heating in a Dual Mode Cylindrical Cavity. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 63(9):2905-2914. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2015.2453263S2905291463

Reversible Transformation of Pt Nanoparticles into Single Atoms inside High-Silica Chabazite Zeolite

[EN] We report the encapsulation of platinum species in highly siliceous chabazite (CHA) crystallized in the presence of N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantammonium and a thiol-stabilized Pt complex. When compared to Pt/SiO2 or Pt-containing Al-rich zeolites, the materials in this work show enhanced stability toward metal sintering in a variety of industrial conditions, including H-2, O-2, and H2O. Remarkably, temperatures in the range 650-750 degrees C can be reached without significant sintering of the noble metal. Detailed structural determinations by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy demonstrate subtle control of the supported metal structures from similar to 1 nm nanoparticles to site-isolated single Pt atoms via reversible interconversion of one species into another in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres. The combined used of microscopy and spectroscopy is critical to understand these surface-mediated transformations. When tested in hydrogenation reactions, Pt/CHA converts ethylene (similar to 80%) but not propylene under identical conditions, in contrast to Pt/SiO2, which converts both at similar rates. These differences are attributed to the negligible diffusivity of propylene through the small-pore zeolite and provide final evidence of the metal encapsulation.This work has been supported by the European Union through the SYNCATMATCH project (Grant Agreement No. 671093) and the Spanish Government through "Severo Ochoa Program" (SEV 2012-0267) and MAT2015-71261-R. This research used beamline 9-BM of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV is acknowledged for their help in sample characterization. We thank Isabel Millet and Paul Stevens for technical assistance, and Randall Meyer, Aaron Sattler, and Dave Marler for review of the manuscript. We appreciate the support of ExxonMobil Research and Engineering for our efforts in fundamental catalytic research.Moliner Marin, M.; Gabay, JE.; Kliewer, CE.; Carr, RT.; Guzman, J.; Casty, GL.; Serna Merino, PM.... (2016). Reversible Transformation of Pt Nanoparticles into Single Atoms inside High-Silica Chabazite Zeolite. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 138(48):15743-15750. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b10169S15743157501384

Predicción de la activación neuronal en estimulación tónica en la terapia de EME: uso de modelos 3D de médula espinal personalizados al paciente frente a modelos generalizados

[ES] La terapia de Estimulación de Médula Espinal (EME) es una técnica utilizada para el tratamiento del dolor crónico. En estimulación tónica, el objetivo es estimular las fibras sensitivas Aß que se encuentran en los cordones posteriores de la médula espinal. Esta estimulación produce una sensación de parestesia que bloquea la señal del dolor. Sin embargo, el 35% de los pacientes perciben una estimulación molesta, pues los cambios posturales, la migración de los electrodos o una incorrecta posición de los mismos produce cambios en la parestesia. En los últimos 40 años se han desarrollado modelos computacionales de médula espinal generalizados que permiten entender mejor el efecto de los parámetros de estimulación y de la geometría de los electrodos en la activación neuronal. Pero, el avance hacia una medicina personalizada obliga a desarrollar modelos computacionales personalizados al paciente para optimizar la estimulación de forma individual. Para conocer las ventajas de usar un modelo personalizado frente a uno generalizado, en este estudio se ha comparado la predicción de la activación neuronal y de los parámetros de estimulación que se obtiene de ambos modelos con un caso real. Los resultados muestran que el modelo personalizado predice de forma más aproximada la activación neuronal y, por tanto, el efecto de la estimulación en un paciente. Por tanto, el uso de modelos personalizados podría suponer en un futuro la mejora de la eficacia de la terapia, pues se podría optimizar la programación y la posición de los electrodos antes del implante del sistema de EMESolanes, C.; Durá, JL.; Canós, MA.; De Andres, J.; Martí-Bonmatí, L.; Saiz Rodríguez, FJ. (2020). Predicción de la activación neuronal en estimulación tónica en la terapia de EME: uso de modelos 3D de médula espinal personalizados al paciente frente a modelos generalizados. Sociedad Española de Ingeniería Biomédica. 306-309. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/167126S30630

Modeling and simulating for the treatment of subjectivity in the process of choosing personnel using fuzzy logic

Every day organizations pay more attention to Human Resources Management, because the human factor is preponderant in the results of it. One of the important policies is the Selection of Personnel, these are needed for their decision-making results, which in many organizations is done in a subjective manner and which brings consequences not very favorable to them. Taking this problem into account, it is decided to design and apply procedures and tools of fuzzy mathematics to reduce subjectivity and uncertainty in decision-making, creating work algorithms for this policy that includes multifactorial weights and analysis with measurement indicators that they allow tangible and reliable results. In this case of personnel selection, eight candidates were taken into account and by applying a diffuse evaluation system, the candidate with the highest rating of 98% was chosen. This indicates that subjectivity was reduced when choosing the best evaluated candidate

Microwave sensor system for continuous monitoring of adhesive curing processes

A microwave sensor system has been developed for monitoring adhesive curing processes. The system provides continuous, real-time information about the curing progress without interfering with the reaction. An open-coaxial resonator is used as the sensor head, and measurements of its resonance frequency and quality factor are performed during cure to follow the reaction progress. Additionally, the system provides other interesting parameters such as reaction rate or cure time. The adhesive dielectric properties can also be computed off-line, which gives additional information about the process. The results given by the system correlate very well with conventional measurement techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, combining accuracy and rate with simplicity and an affordable cost. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.The authors thank Rut Benavente Martinez for her assistance in the DSC experiments. The contract of BG-B is financed by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, through the 'Torres Quevedo' Sub-programme, which is also co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF). This work has been financed by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain through the project MONIDIEL (TEC2008-04109).García Baños, B.; Catalá Civera, JM.; Penaranda-Foix, FL.; Canós Marín, AJ.; Sahuquillo Navarro, O. (2012). Microwave sensor system for continuous monitoring of adhesive curing processes. Measurement Science and Technology. 23(3). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/23/3/035101S233Jost, M., & Sernek, M. (2008). Shear strength development of the phenol–formaldehyde adhesive bond during cure. Wood Science and Technology, 43(1-2), 153-166. doi:10.1007/s00226-008-0217-2Costa, M. L., Botelho, E. C., Paiva, J. M. F. de, & Rezende, M. C. (2005). Characterization of cure of carbon/epoxy prepreg used in aerospace field. Materials Research, 8(3), 317-322. doi:10.1590/s1516-14392005000300016Chen, J., & Hojjati, M. (2007). Microdielectric analysis and curing kinetics of an epoxy resin system. Polymer Engineering & Science, 47(2), 150-158. doi:10.1002/pen.20687Sernek, M., & Kamke, F. A. (2007). Application of dielectric analysis for monitoring the cure process of phenol formaldehyde adhesive. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, 27(7), 562-567. doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2006.10.004Núñez, L., Gómez-Barreiro, S., Gracia-Fernández, C. A., & Núñez, M. R. (2004). Use of the dielectric analysis to complement previous thermoanalytical studies on the system diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/1,2 diamine cyclohexane. Polymer, 45(4), 1167-1175. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2003.12.024Lefebvre, D. R., Han, J., Lipari, J. M., Long, M. A., McSwain, R. L., & Wells, H. C. (2006). Dielectric analysis for in-situ monitoring of gelatin renaturation and crosslinking. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 101(5), 2765-2775. doi:10.1002/app.21631Cordovez, M., Li, Y., & Karbhari, V. M. (2004). Assessment of Dielectrometry for Characterization of Processing and Moisture Absorption in FRP Composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 23(4), 445-456. doi:10.1177/0731684404031980Das, N. K., Voda, S. M., & Pozar, D. M. (1987). Two Methods for the Measurement of Substrate Dielectric Constant. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 35(7), 636-642. doi:10.1109/tmtt.1987.1133722Fioretto, D., Livi, A., Rolla, P. A., Socino, G., & Verdini, L. (1994). The dynamics of poly(n-butyl acrylate) above the glass transition. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 6(28), 5295-5302. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/6/28/007Givot, B. L., Krupka, J., & Belete, D. Y. (s. f.). Split post dielectric resonator technique for dielectric cure monitoring of structural adhesives. 13th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications. 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A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators

[EN] This research proposes a framework for collaborative innovation in a public private partnership by applying techniques that combine quantitative data collection and qualitative depth. It proposes a collaborative model that looks to provide competitive advantage by improving tourist services from two perspectives: from the core of public administration, and from the private tourist sector perspective.Pons Morera, C.; Canós Darós, L.; Gil Pechuán, I. (2017). A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators. SERVICE BUSINESS. AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL. 1-26. doi:10.1007/s11628-017-0341-xS126Anderberg MR (1973) Cluster analysis for applications. Academic Press, New YorkAugustyn K (2000) Performance of tourism partnerships: a focus on York. Tour Manag 2:341–351Aziri B, Nedelea A (2013) Business strategies in tourism. Ecoforum 2(1):9Baglieri D, Consoli R (2009) Collaborative innovation in tourism: managing virtual communities. 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